5^th World congress on Chemical Engineering and Catalysis August 28-29, 2018 Holiday Inn Paris – Marne La Vallée | 2 boulevard du Levant, 93160 Noisy-le-grand, Paris, France

Lorenzo Maiorino is a Senior Research Analyst/Chemical Engineer with 20 years of professional experience in systems R&D and design; technical and regulatory evaluation of complex environmental projects; conducting accident and incident investigations and environmental inspections; developing and implementing energy efficiency projects and sustainable solutions within national research agencies and transnational corporations. From the start, his career was focused on the development of skills and methodological tools appropriate to the study of Environment, Energy, Waste and Sustainability Models

This paper describes new issues and opportunities in terms of pollution prevention, abatement and reduction from IED/IPPC activities by the adoption and implementation of IED/IPPC Permits released in Italy at national level following the Italian Decree n. 46 issued of March 4th, 2014, adopting European Union Commission ‘Industrial Emissions Directive’ (IED) issued on 2010 to require the adoption of new regulations for IPPC Permits. IED/IPPC operational permits releases started hundreds of different scenarios of best available techniques (BAT) implementation in industrial sites, where environmental pollution is now under a planned control, in order to perform a proper and adequate monitoring and data reporting activities with, if needed, also periodic environmental inspections. About 50,000 installations undertaking such industrial activities, as listed in Annex I of the IED, are required to operate in accordance with a permit (granted by Authorities of EU Member States), by means of selected prescriptions and proper provisions. Particularly, new applications of Best Available Techniques (BAT) are available in order to achieve a high level of protection of environmental matrices, as reducing pollutants industrial emissions, in term of pollutants concentrations reduction at the sources of emission and by means of new advanced monitoring and control activities. In this paper a review of the efficiency and effectiveness of environmental inspections, performed in Italy by ISPRA, shows that pollution reduction is achievable by means of direct applications of BAT Conclusions – as now currently available – supplying valuable pollutants emissions limits, that rapresent both the respect of law limits and more effective level of environmental protection. Some data, moreover, are presented coming from more ten years of applications of these methodologies and also some results coming from some selected Case Studies are hereby represnted by official diagrams and graphics.

Erich Jeitler has completed his PhD 2008 at Graz University of Technology. He is co-owner and general manager of Prozess Optimal CAP GmbH. The company is an engineering office for chemical and process engineering with the focus on process simulation and modelling. He has been also a lecture at the University of Applied Science – FH JOANNEUM in Graz since 2009.

In the chemical and process industry, a variety of thermal unit operations is applied in which gases or vapor mixtures must be cooled down to temperatures near the water dew point. Such mixtures often contain substances which tend to evolve corrosive characteristics in case the temperature unintentionally falls below the water dew point. Depending on the gas composition, acids can be produced and may cause severe damage to heat exchangers. Consequently, most processes operate with a thermal safety distance to the water dew point in terms of pressure and temperature. A considerable drawback of this approach is that the capacity of the heat exchanging equipment is not fully utilized. To overcome such limitations, this paper suggests a process prediction method for the real-time estimation of the lowest possible heat exchanger surface temperature in view of fully utilizing the optimization potential of the process. The key features of the new approach comprise (i) application of rigorous thermodynamics, considering all relevant facility components that are needed for a complete mass and energy balance, and (ii) a rigorous heat exchanger calculation providing surface temperatures and dead zone temperatures for the current thermodynamic state. The thermodynamic calculation provides the theoretical water dew point as a function of the process parameters. Considering that sensitive variables such as the composition of the multicomponent process stream have a significant influence on the water dew point, the accurate thermodynamic description of the complete system poses one challenge of the method. The customized fluid dynamic simulation which is integrated into the simulation model provides the complete spatial distribution of the heat exchanger surface temperatures and dead zone temperatures. Both components are combined to a process prediction model, where an interface between the process prediction model and the process control system (PCS) is used for real-time transmission of the current process parameters to the model, and of recommended process parameters generated by the model back to the PCS. These recommendations can either be used as guidelines for the operator or directly be implemented as PCS command variables in view of an automated optimal operation mode.

Carola Esposito Corcione received her Master degree in Chemical Engineering at University Federico II of Naples in October 2000. She received her Ph.D. degree in Materials Science and Technology in May 2004, defending her thesis on “Development and kinetic characterization of new materials for stereolithography process”. From January 2005 she is Assistant Professor at University of Salento. She keeps scientific collaborations with several Italian and International research institutions: Author of about 90 papers on international journals (hindex = 21) and 50 presentations at international conferences, most of them are about innovative polymer based materials .

The present work is focused on developing innovative active biomolecules from the organic fraction of the solid urban waste (FORSU). The main goal of the experimental activity is the reduction of the bacterial activity of the FORSU, and its conversion in high added-value products, to be used in different fields of civil and industrial engineering.In order to obtain a modification of its chemical structure, thus leading to the generation of active biomolecules, the organic waste, once milled, was exposed to UV radiation. The contemporary exposure to UV radiation and to the ozone generated by the UV was found to cause an alteration of the chemical bonds of the solid waste. Furthermore, the UV and ozone exposure ensured a strong reduction of the bacteria of the organic waste. FTIR measurements were carried out in order to verify the chemical structure of the organic waste, before and after UV exposure. In particular, a strong reduction of the carbon-carbon double and triple bond stretching peaks was found after UV irradiation, together with the appearance of the peak related to the stretching of the epoxy group. The quantitative determination of the epoxy content of the organic waste after UV exposure was calculated by chemical titration, as reported in ASTM D 1652 – 97. Once known the epoxy quantitative, UV-irradiated waste was mixed with different amounts of diamine. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was then used to evaluate the presence of an exothermic peak due to the reaction of the epoxy groups and the amine, and to identify the reaction temperature. Finally, samples for flexural tests were produced by mixing UV-irradiated waste and diamine, and by leaving the compound in oven for the time necessary to complete the reaction.