Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Kigho Moses Oghenejoboh
Delta State University, NIGERIA
Keynote: Application of Agro-Wastes in the Treatment and Conversion of Industrial Wastes for Effective Waste Management: Chemical Engineering Perspective
Time : 10:15-11:00
Biography:
Dr. Kigho Moses Oghenejoboh who is currently an associate professor in environmental studies at the Delta State University, Abraka – Nigeria holds a PhD in Chemical Engineering. He is an ardent scholar and the head of the Bio-environmental Laboratory of the University. He has published more than 35 papers in reputable journals covering a wide range of environmental issues. He also attends and present papers at major international conferences on environment annually.
Abstract:
Effective waste management require a multidisciplinary approach with Chemical Engineering as the fulcrum. The problem of sustainable waste management is as old as creation itself, for the creator of the universe put ecological cycle in place to effectively manage waste generated in the universe either through recycling or conversion into useful products. It can rightly be said then, that the Almighty God started the profession of Chemical Engineering. However, over the years, man had succeeded in destroying this perfect system put in place by God either through greedy manipulation of the system or out of ignorance. Over the past decades, Chemical Engineers in collaboration with Biotechnologists and Environmentalists have been working tirelessly to see how wastes generated from various industrial processes including the agro-based industries can be used sustainably in the treatment of industrial wastewater, generate energy or converted to useful chemical products. Agricultural wastes are unwanted materials produced from agricultural processes like growing of crops or raising of animals. One area of great success is the use of agricultural crops waste as polymerized biochar for the adsorption of lethal heavy metals from wastewater. In tropical Africa like Nigeria, an important agricultural product that generates a lot of waste is cassava, a vital staple delicacy. The leaves, peels, stems and wastewater from the processing of this agricultural product poses great environmental nuisance. However, the leaves, peels and stems are currently being put to economic use either as animal feed or as biomass for wastewater treatment. Research is presently on-going in the utilization of the large volume of wastewater generated from cassava processing for the cultivation of microalgae. In this review, the potential of cassava wastewater in growing microalgae for algae crude production is enumerated. The economic benefit of the venture as a supplement to Nigeria’s dwindling fossil fuel reserve as well as its positive impact on environmental sustainability are discussed
Keynote Forum
Lali Gurchumelia
TSU Rafael Agladze Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Georgia
Keynote: Elaboration of fire-extinguishing foam-suspensions based on new types, environmentally safe fire-extinguishing powders and evaluation of their efficiency
Time : 09:30-10:15
Biography:
Lali Gurchumelia, Chemist, Doctor of Technical Sciences. She is working at TSU Rafael Agladze Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Electrochemistry (Georgia). Scope of scientific interests: chemical science, chemical engineering, ecological engineering, ecological biotechnology. She have 55 publications, the last 10 years I have participated in 5 scientific grants. Currently She is a manager of the grant # 216770 - “New type fire-extinguishing powders and foam-suspensions based on local mineral raw materials “funded of the National Science Foundation. She had participated in many international conferences and congresses: Nurnberg, Germany; Toledo, Spain; New Forest, UK; Montreal, Canada; Istanbul, Turkey; Elenite Holiday Village, Bulgaria; Rome, Italy; Paris, France; Yerevan-Vanadzor; Tbilisi, Georgia and Ureki, Georgia. She have many years of experience in the study and evaluation of fire–extinguishing and fire- protective materials.
Abstract:
The aim of the presented investigation is the elaboration of new types, halogen free, environmentally safe and highly efficient fire-extinguishing powders on the basis of local mineral raw materials, which will have good compatibility with water and foams and production of highly efficient foam-suspensions based of received powders. Fire-extinguishing powders will be produced by mechanical mixing of local mineral raw materials, do not require modification with expensive halogen-containing hydrofobizing additives, making the extinguishing materials far cheaper than imported analogues. Raw materials - zeolite, clay shale, perlite and ammophos was selected due to their high-performance properties and ability to suppress the combustion and burning processes. For the increase of efficiency of powder optimal dispersity (up to 250 μm) was selected to provide the minimal caking capacity, a homogeneous action of combustion products on the flame and a heterogeneous inhibition of combustion process. The evaluation of powder efficiency was carried out considering the both effects. As it is known, ammophos are heterogenic inhibitors well dissoluble in water. In case of suspension production on the bases of obtained composite powders modified with the ammophos, water inhibition increase is expected. The addition of surface active substances into powder suspensions decreases water surface tension, increases permeability and causes powder flotation, which will enable to spray powder together with water and foam. Therefore foam-suspensions we prepared by mechanical mixing of water, obtained fire-extinguishing powders and surface active substances. Foam-suspensions of our preparation have higher cooling effect and permeability compared to powders, while differing from water and foam they make homogenous, as well as, heterogeneous inhibition of burning process. Thus, they have higher extinguishing ability than water, foams or powders taken separately. From the all above-mentioned one can suggest, that the fire-extinguishing powders of our preparation may be effectively used for extinguishing of all classes of fires, as well as, in complex with water and foams for extinguishing of large scale fires – forest fires.